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Boto is a Portuguese name given to several types of dolphin and river dolphin native to the Amazon and the Orinoco river tributaries. A few botos exist exclusively in freshwater, and these are often considered primitive dolphins.
Classification
The botos are a paraphyletic clade, defined largely by their evolutionary convergences.
The genus Sotalia is divided into two species. The tucuxi (S. guianensis) is distributed in the Atlantic, from Florianopolis in Santa Catarina, Brazil and northwards. The costero (S. fluviatilis) lives in the rivers of the Amazon.
Burmeister's porpoise (Phocoena spinipinnis) is marine and lives from Santa Catarina to the south.
The Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) thrive in fresh water, are endemic of the Amazon rivers, and are placed in the vulnerable category of the IUCN.
The la Plata dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei), another vulnerable Brazilian denizen, is a marine river dolphin that ranges from EspĂrito Santo, Brazil, to the south.
Suborder OdontocetiSuperfamily DelphinoideaFamily DelphinidaeGenus SotaliaSpecies Sotalia fluviatilis, costeroSpecies Sotalia guianensis, tucuxiFamily PhocoenidaeGenus PhocoenaSpecies Phocoena spinipinnis, Burmeister's porpoiseSuperfamily PlatanistoideaFamily IniidaeGenus IniaSpecies Inia geoffrensisSubspecies Inia geoffrensis geoffrensis, Amazon river dolphinSubspecies Inia geoffrensis boliviensis, Bolivian river dolphinSubspecies Inia geoffrensis humboldtiana, Humboldt's river dolphinFamily PontoporiidaeGenus PontoporiaSpecies Pontoporia blainvillei, la Plata dolphin