Sly Dunbar

The foundations of Jamaica's drumming were set by the innovative playing of Sly Dunbar (born: Lowell Fillmore Dunbar). As one-half of the Riddim Twins, Dunbar joined with bassist Robbie Shakespeare to provide the rhythm section and/or production for recordings by reggae artists including Peter Tosh, Black Uhuru, The Mighty Diamonds and U Roy and non-Jamaican performers including Bob Dylan, Grace Jones, The Rolling Stones, Joe Cocker, Ian Dury, Herbie Hancock, Maxi Priest, Cindy Lauper, Carly Simon, KRS-One and Queen Latifah. Sly and Robbie's own albums include Friends, which received a Grammy award as "Best Reggae Album" in 1999. On his own, Dunbar has recorded four solo albums -- Simply Sly Man in 1976, Sly, Wicked And Slick in 1977, Sly Go Ville in 1982 and Reggae Drumsplash, an encyclopedic exploration of Jamaican rhythms that includes 843 sampled loops, in 1997. According to Keyboard Magazine, "(Dunbar's) electro/acoustic shuffles and stomps are second to none". Dunbar's earliest inspiration for playing the drums was sparked while watching Lloyd Knibbs and The Skatalites on television. During a 1997 interview, he recalled, "I saw (Knibbs) playing and I thought, 'I want to be a drummer' because he's the hardest worker in the band. He's my idol! In some ways, I'm self taught but I got a lot of help from other drummers by watching them play." Dunbar, whose nickname was reportedly given to him for his passion for Sly And The Family Stone, launched his musical career while still in his teens, playing with a local group, The Yardbrooms at the age of fifteen. His recording debut came, in 1969, when he appeared on an album, Double Barrel, by Dave and Ansell Collins. He subsequently continued to play with Ansell Collins in a band, Skin, Flesh And Bones. Meeting Robbie Shakespeare, then playing bass for The Hippy Boys, in 1972, Dunbar began a life-long friendship.When Shakespeare was asked to recommend a drummer for a recording session for producer Bunny Lee's Aggrevators, he remembered Dunbar. Following the session, Dunbar and Shakespeare agreed to keep working together.Their first break came when they accompanied Peter Tosh on his album, Legalize It!, in 1976. The duo continued to play with Tosh's band until 1979, recording four additional albums -- Equal Rights, Bush Doctor, Mystic Man and Wanted: Dread And Alive and producing Tosh's hit duet with Mick Jagger, "(Keep On Walking) Don't Look Back)," in 1978. According to legend, the duo lived on bread and water, while touring with Tosh, to save enough money to start their own production company. Their persistance paid off. Shortly after leaving Tosh's group, Dunbar and Shakespeare launched Taxi Productions and formed a studio band, The Taxi All Stars.Their first session yielded a number one Jamaican hit, "Soon Forward," for Gregory Isaacs. Dunbar and Shakespeare's most enduring callaboration has been with Black Uhuru, with whom they've toured and produced six albums -- Showcase, Red, Sinsemilla, Chill Out, Anthem and Dub Factor. Among their earliest work with non-Jamaican artists were three albums -- Warm Leatherette, released in 1980, Nightclubbing, released in 1981, and Living My Life, released in 1982 -by Grace Jones. In 1997, Dunbar and Shakespeare produced a chart-topping single, "Dancehall Queen," for Beenie Man and Chevell Franklyn.