P-Funk

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George Clinton and Parliament Funkadelic

P-Funk (also spelled P Funk or P. Funk) is a shorthand term for the repertoire and performers associated with George Clinton and the Parliament-Funkadelic collective and the distinctive style of funk music they performed. The P-Funk groups had their heyday in the 1970s and continue to attract new fans thanks both to the legacy of samples they bequeathed to hip hop and the live shows that the bands continue to perform.

Etymology

The etymology of the term P-Funk is subject to multiple interpretations. It has been identified alternately as an abbreviation of "Parliament-Funkadelic", "pure funk" or "Plainfield Funk", referring to Plainfield, New Jersey, the hometown of the band's original line-up. The liner notes of CD versions of the Motor Booty Affair album suggest that the "'P' stands for 'Pure.'" The breakout popularity of Parliament-Funkadelic elevated the status of P-Funk to describe what is now considered to be a genre of music in its own right.

Musical characteristics

Musical elements that characterize the P-Funk style include:

spacey synthesizer melodies and washes provided by keyboardist Bernie Worrell and othersclassically-trained and blues/jazz piano style of Bernie Worrellprominent, squelching electric bass lines provided by Bootsy Collins or performed in his stylejazzy, insouciant horn section arrangements performed by The Horny Hornsraucous glee club-type group vocals on songs' choruses alternating with sung or spoken vocals on the versesa mixture of funk and rock guitar styles, the latter being more prominent on Funkadelic's recordingssteady, relatively unobtrusive drumming with few or no drum soloslyrics devoted to exposition of the P-Funk mythology, sex and drug-related humor, and sociopolitical satire, often in the context of a concept albumsophisticated use of multitrack recording technology and studio effects by producer George Clintona more "live band" sound, with little of the mechanistic precision of disco and post-disco dance forms.

Key P-Funk bands and musicians

Key P-Funk bands and musicians include:

ParliamentFunkadelicBootsy Collins / Bootsy's Rubber BandGeorge ClintonBernie WorrellEddie HazelMichael HamptonGarry ShiderWalter MorrisonThe Brides of FunkensteinMaceo ParkerParletFred WesleyMichael "Clip" PayneZapp & Roger Troutman