Six Degrees

Six Degrees of Animal Collective’s Merriweather Post Pavilion

It used to be easier to pretend that an album was its own perfectly self-contained artifact. The great records certainly feel that way. But albums are more permeable than solid, their motivations, executions and inspirations informed by, and often stolen from, their peers and forbearers. It all sounds awfully formal, but it's not. It's the very nature of music — of art, even. The Six Degrees features examine the relationships between classic records and five other albums we've deemed related in some way. In some cases these connections are obvious, in others they are tenuous. But, most important to you, all of the records are highly, highly recommended.

It used to be easier to pretend that an album was its own perfectly self-contained artifact. The great records certainly feel that way. But albums are more permeable than solid, their motivations, executions and inspirations informed by, and often stolen from, their peers and forbearers. It all sounds awfully formal, but it’s not. It’s the very nature of music — of art, even. The Six Degrees features examine the relationships between classic records and five other albums we’ve deemed related in some way. In some cases these connections are obvious, in others they are tenuous. But, most important to you, all of the records are highly, highly recommended.

The Album

  • Part of falling in love with Animal Collective's music is learning about what they listen to. The band's principal songwriters, Avey Tare and Panda Bear, used to be clerks at New York's Other Music (a well-kempt boutique where the "In" section is stocked with records that most people have never heard of and, well, never mind the "Out" one). In interviews, they've talked about their love of unsung European drone composers like Folke Rabe and West African dance music; of indie-rock standbys like Pavement and surf bands like the Tornados; of roots reggae and of Kompakt Records' minimal techno; of the serene and the chaotic. Basically, of sounds that don't seem to belong together and yet meld on Merriweather Post Pavilion.

    Almost any track on the album can be broken down into a parade of blends and juxtapositions: the straightforward samba of "Bluish" is doused in ring modulator noise; the nostalgic pangs of "In the Flowers" - a '60s-style folk song at heart - explodes into synthesizer fireworks and a rhythmic throb part German schaffel, part dub. "My Girls," the album's most inescapable track, is a rudimentary indie-pop singalong that borrows its synth loop from Chicago house innovator Frankie Knuckles, and the album-closing "Brother Sport" is, cultural cache aside, basically ready for a conga line, like an old Harry Belafonte record blasting from across a lake. For every oyster, there's grit; for every fat, there's citrus.

    Not that Merriweather is without Animal Collective's stain. The way the band assimilates their influences is so sharp-witted and seamless that they're impossible to mistake for anyone else, which is why their imitators are so plainly boring - they ape the band's sound, not their attitude. Ultimately, it's not influence that makes a record like Merriweather, it's the band's approach - their irreducible Animal Collectiveness. But just because we're not going to end up with the same constellation doesn't mean we can't connect a few dots.

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The Ambience

  • One of the advantages of living in the Papua New Guinean rainforest is that you don't have to waste a lot of energy making ambient backdrops. Comes with the territory, so to speak. While many Smithsonian-type documents hone in on the sound of the music, the second disc of Bosavi is just as focused on the music's environment - the clicks and rustle, the birds and breeze. The music sinks into it; they seep into each other and can't be pried apart.

    A lot like Merriweather Post Pavilion, actually, half of which sounds like it's splashing in a bucket of water, half of it like it's playing inside a cave. On earlier albums, Geologist - the electronics manipulator most easily recognized as "the one with the miner's headlight" - sounded off to the side, a guy tossing noisy non-sequiturs into the mix. On Merriweather, he's everywhere and essential - in a lot of ways, the foundation for the songs themselves, the vehicle they arrive in. It's no accident that on Bosavi, the crickets get a liner-note credit.

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The Fellow Stoner-Friendly Pop

  • Some shaggy white guys too soft to make a hardcore dance record and too ambitious to just make something that sounds like '60s psych-pop decide to make a little of both. They run it through top-shelf effects and play a couple of parts backwards, dazzling stoners everywhere. The Stone Roses or Merriweather Post Pavilion? Despite obvious differences, the albums play remarkably well next to each other: Shimmery tracts of songs that blur into each other, youthful but a little bleary-eyed, dance-influenced but not terribly danceable.

    Merriweather didn't ever get the next-Beatles comparisons that washed over The Stone Roses, but that's no surprise - next to tidy Byrds updates like "Made of Stone," even "My Girls" glows and pulses like contraband. But on tracks like "Elephant Stone" and "I Am the Resurrection" - as incredibly dated as some of those funked-up beats are - The Stone Roses shows a band, like Animal Collective, leaning toward a pop-oriented sound after spending years in more subcultural realms.

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The Campfire Roots

  • Hang Merriweather Post Pavilion out to dry, turn off its neons, and unplug its synthesizers and you'll end up with American sweethearts singing really spirited folk music. Comparisons to the Beach Boys are overwrought - on songs like "Brother Sport" Avey Tare and Panda Bear's lucid, breast-beating vocals have more in common with the way the Weavers bleat "This Land Is Your Land" than the crew-cut Wilson Brothers. And despite their much-touted freakiness, Animal Collective's compositions have become simpler over the past eight or nine years. "My Girls" is ostensibly one (very pretty) three-chord idea that repeats for six minutes - a song, like "If I Had a Hammer," that you could sing around the fire.

    And like Animal Collective, the Weavers were a distinctly American group that reached outside America for several of their songs: There's a version of "Tzena, Tzena, Tzena," originally written in Hebrew by a Polish guy living in Israel; there's the ubiquitous, lovely "Guantanamera." And, of course, "Wimoweh," known in the States as the blueprint for "The Lion Sleeps Tonight" but originally recorded by a South African vocal group called the Evening Birds as "Mbube" - a song whose woodsy lilt and wail could easily be mistaken for Animal Collective's.

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The Body Electric

  • Vocal City is Finnish producer Sasu Ripatti's most revelatory and inspired album, a welding of ambient dub (that Ripatti had been releasing as Vladislav Delay) to the rhythm tracks of square-shouldered, linear house music. Sometimes the ambience drifts behind the four-four; other times it flexes and tenses. The effect is uncanny: The clubby elements seem to kick out at you while the ambience collapses and dissolves, a push-pull on the ears. The album shares a cavernous quality with Merriweather, whose most dance-influenced tracks - "Brother Sport" and "My Girls" - are also their most hollowed-out, punctuated by flashes of sound (an approach that, incidentally, both Luomo and Animal Collective probably get from dub).

    Other times, both records gush with ephemera - the shuddering noises on Merriweather's "Lion in a Coma"; the stray whispers and gasps on Luomo's "Market" or "Tessio." And when Panda Bear and Avey Tare sing "My Girls" - a song built on something more like a slogan than actual lyrics - they're like positive-force buddies patting the backs of the heartbroken vocalists that haunt Vocal City.

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The Mystic

  • 1977 was a massive year for producer Lee Perry's Black Ark studio: Max Romeo's War Ina Babylon came out; so did Junior Murvin's Police and Thieves, the Heptones' Party Time and Heart of the Congos - all straightforward roots reggae albums (in theory) until Perry littered them with palm-tree thuds and moo-cow sound effects (Perry's aphorisms could fill a book and his cannabis intake during the late '70s could probably numb a state university).

    There are a lot of underlying similarities between Merriweather and much of Perry's output at the time - hazy, aquatic sounds underpinned by driving rhythms; melodic sweetness balancing out what can sometimes be sour subject matter; a marriage of ambience and song. But the most important connection - and what makes the link between Merriweather and Heart of the Congos unique - is the singing. Avey Tare's mischievous and sometimes grotesque voice balances out Panda Bear's angelic one just as that Roy Johnson's tenor anchors Cedric Myton's falsetto. Both records are steeped studio tricks and all the better for it, but their heart - and character - lies in delirious, delirious voices.

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